Hona joale, lefats'e la lefats'e la mafura a ethanol e na le tlhahiso ea selemo le selemo ea lithane tse fetang limilione tse 70, 'me ho na le linaha le libaka tse ngata ho kenya ts'ebetsong ea bio-fuel ethanol. Palo ea selemo le selemo ea biofuel ea biofuel United States le Brazil e fihlile ho lithane tse limilione tse 44.22 le lithane tse limilione tse 2.118, li behiloe har'a tse peli tse holimo lefatšeng, tse etsang karolo e fetang 80% ea kakaretso ea lefatše. Indasteri ea biofuel ethanol ke indasteri e tloaelehileng e tsamaisoang ke maano. United States le Brazil qetellong li kene tseleng e shebaneng le 'maraka ka tšehetso ea leano la lichelete le lekhetho le ts'ebetso e tiileng ea molao, e leng ho theha boiphihlelo bo tsoetseng pele ba nts'etsopele.
Boiphihlelo ba Amerika
Mokhoa oa Amerika ke ho hlahisa ethanol ea biofuel ho etsa molao le ts'ebetsong ea molao e tiileng, 'me moralo oa boemo bo holimo o kopantsoe le mekhoa eohle ea ts'ebetsong.
1. Melao. Ka 1978, United States e ile ea phatlalatsa "Molao oa Lekhetho la Lekhetho la Matla" ho fokotsa lekhetho la chelete bakeng sa basebelisi ba ethanol ea biofurate le ho bula 'maraka oa kopo. Ka 2004, United States e ile ea qala ho fana ka lithuso tsa lichelete ka kotloloho ho barekisi ba ethanol ea biofuel, $ 151 ka thane e le 'ngoe. Ho tlatsa ka kotloloho ho etsa hore bio -fuel ethanol e be le kholo e phatlohang. biofuel ethanol.
2. Ts'ebetsong ea molao e thata. Mafapha a mmuso a joalo ka Lefapha la Mehloli ea Moea, Ofisi ea Ts'ireletso ea Tikoloho, le Ofisi ea Lekhetho e kenya tšebetsong melao le melaoana e amehang ka thata, le ho laola le ho laola likhoebo le bankakarolo ho kenyeletsoa bahlahisi, liteishene tsa mafura, balemi ba poone. E le ho khothaletsa ts'ebetsong e sebetsang ea melao le melaoana le maano, United States e boetse e thehile "Renewable Energy Standards" (RFS). Ho phaella tabeng ea hore na ho tlameha ho sebelisoa li-biofuel tse kae United States selemo se seng le se seng, Setsi sa Tšireletso ea Tikoloho se boetse se sebelisa "linewable energy sequence number system" (RIN) ka mokhoa oa ho etsa bonnete ba hore ethanol ea biofuel e kenngoa ka har'a peterole.
3. Hlahisa ethanol ea mafura a cellulose. E khannoa ke tlhokahalo, e le ho netefatsa phepelo, lilemong tsa morao tjena, United States e thehile maano a ho hlahisa ethanol ea cellulose mafura. Ka 2007, Lefapha la Temo la United States le phatlalalitse hore le tla fana ka $ 1.6 limilione tse likete ho tšehetso ea lichelete bakeng sa cellulose fuel ethanol.
Ke hantle ho itšetlehile ka melao ena le melaoana le mekhoa ea ts'ebetsong hore lefatše le tsoetseng pele ka ho fetisisa lefats'eng, lihlahisoa tse phahameng ka ho fetisisa tsa lihlahisoa, lihlahisoa tse atlehileng ka ho fetisisa tsa lihlahisoa, tsoelo-pele e atlehileng ka ho fetisisa, 'me qetellong li kene tseleng ea tsoelo-pele e shebaneng le' maraka.
Phihlelo ea Brazil
Brazil e ntlafalitse indasteri ea ethanol ea biofuel ka taolo e shebaneng le 'maraka ea "Leano la Naha la Joala" ho latela melaoana e shebaneng le mebaraka.
1. "Leano la Naha la Joala". Morero o etelletsoe pele ke komiti ea Tsoekere ea Brazil le komiti ea ethanol le Brazilian National Petroleum Corporation, ho kenyeletsoa maano a fapaneng a joalo ka mekhoa ea theko, moralo o felletseng oa kakaretso, litheolelo tsa lekhetho, lithuso tsa mmuso, le litekanyetso tsa karo-karolelano ho etsa ts'ebetso e matla le taolo ea mafura a tlhaho a ethanol. indasteri. Ho kenngwa tshebetsong ha moralo ona ho khothaleditse ho thehwa ha motheo wa ntshetsopele ya indasteri ya ethanol ya biofuel.
2. Pholisi ea tsoa. Ho tloha lekholong le lecha la lilemo, Brazil e fokolitse butle-butle boiteko ba pholisi, fokotsa lithibelo tsa theko, 'me e rekoa ke maraka.Ka nako e ts'oanang,' muso oa Brazil o khothalletsa likoloi tsa mafura tse tenyetsehang. litheko tsa peterole le litheko tsa biofuel ethanol, ka hona li khothaletsa tšebeliso ea bio -fuel ethanol.
Litšobotsi tsa nts'etsopele ea indasteri ea mafura a ethanol ea tlhaho ea Brazil e se e lebisitsoe 'marakeng.
Nako ea poso: Feb-23-2023