Melamo e Mehlano ea Liphello Tse Ngata ka Mehato e Meholo ea Ts'ebetso ea Distillation
Kakaretso
Matla a mararo a litora tse hlano ke theknoloji e ncha ea ho boloka matla e hlahisitsoeng motheong oa "distillation" e tloaelehileng ea litora tse hlano, e sebelisoang haholo-holo bakeng sa tlhahiso ea joala ea boemo bo holimo. Lisebelisoa tsa mantlha tsa phano ea khatello ea litora tse hlano li kenyelletsa tora e sa jeleng paate, tora ea ho hlapolla, tora ea tokiso, tora ea methanol le tora ea litšila. Mokhoa oa ho futhumatsa ke hore tora ea tokiso le tora ea ho hlapolla li futhumatsoa ke mouoane oa mantlha ka har'a reboiler, 'me mouoane oa tora ea tokiso ea veine o fana ka mocheso tora ea tšilafalo e tala ka mochini o futhumatsang. Mouoane oa veine oa tora ea dilution o fana ka mocheso tora ea methanol ka mochini o futhumatsang. Tora ea litšila e sebelisa mouoane o tobileng ho fana ka mocheso ka ho toba, 'me tšebeliso ea mouoane e kholo. Thepa ea mantlha ea mehala e mehlano ea mehala e meraro e fapaneng ea khatello ea khatello e boetse ke tora e sa jeseng litheohelang, tora ea ho hlapolla, tora ea tokiso, tora ea methanol le tora ea litšila.
Ea bobeli, litšobotsi tsa tshebetso
1. Mekhoa e meraro ea ho kopanya mocheso oa ho futhumatsa tora ea dilution, tora ea de-methanol, tora ea litšila, le tora ea diluting le de-methanol tower ho futhumatsa tora e tala ea distillation ho fokotsa tšebeliso ea mouoane. Tlhahiso ea lithane tsa boleng bo botle ba ho noa joala ke lithane tse 2,2.
2. Karolo ea degassing le karohano li hlophisitsoe karolong e ka holimo ea tora e tala ea distillation ho fokotsa litšila tse kang lintho tse tiileng tse nang le joala bo sa hloekang tse kenang tsamaisong ea ho lokisa, ka tsela eo ho ntlafatsa bohloeki ba joala bo tala.
3. Reboiler ea tora e tala ea distillation e amohela theknoloji e nang le tokelo ea molao ea ho futhumatsa mocheso oa thermosyphon ho e-na le mokhoa oa ho futhumatsa oa potoloho o qobelloang, 'me phello ea ho boloka matla e tsoteha,' me ts'ebetso ea ho thibela mocheso oa mocheso oa mocheso oa reboiler o felisoa.
4. Sephutheloana sa piper ea koporo se kenngoa tsamaisong ea distillation ho ntlafatsa boleng ba tatso ea joala bo felileng.
Ea boraro, mokhoa oa ho futhumatsa
Senotlolo sa ho boloka matla a ts'ebetso ena ke mokhoa oa ho futhumatsa, oo mouoane o ka sehloohong o fetisetsoang ho reboiler ho futhumatsa kholomo ea ho lokisa. The distillation tora ea veine mouoane o fanoa ka kholomong ea methanol le tora ea dilution ka seboela sa methanol column le reboiler ea dilution column. The dilution tower le mouoane oa veine oa tora ea methanol ka ho latellana li fetisoa ka har'a li-reboilers tse sa jeleng paate tsa A le B ho fana ka tora e sa jeseng litheohelang. The distillation tower metsi a litšila a bentša mouoane ho fana ka tora ea litšila. Tora e le 'ngoe e kena ka har'a mouoane le litora tse hlano ho finyella tšebelisano ea matla a mararo ho finyella merero ea ho boloka matla. Tlhahiso ea lithane tsa boleng bo botle ba ho noa joala ke lithane tse 2,2.
Ea bone, mokhoa oa lintho tse bonahalang
'Mash o butsoitseng o lomositsoeng o fepeloa ho tloha kaholimo ho kholomo ea "distillation" ka mor'a mekhahlelo e 'meli ea ho futhumatsa pele. Mouoane oa veine o ka holim'a tora e sa jeseng litheohelang oa koaheloa ebe oa hlapolloa le ho hloekisoa ka tora ea ho hlapolla ho hlapolla joala bo tala ho 12-18% (v/v). Joala bo ka tlase bo chesoa pele ebe bo kena tora ea tokiso moleng o ka holimo oa kholumo ea distillation. Joala (96% (v/v)) bo isoa kholomong ea de-methanol ho tsoela pele ho tlosa litšila tse kang methanol, 'me joala bo felileng bo ntšoa ka tlase.
Melemo e meng
1. Mabapi le ho boloka matla, mokhoa oa ho futhumatsa oa potoloho ea thermosiphon reboiler o nkela sebaka sa mocheso o qobelloang oa ho potoloha, 'me o sebelisa theknoloji ea rona e nang le tokelo ea molao ho qoba ho thibela ho thibela mocheso oa mocheso oa reboiler. Tšebeliso ea joala ka tone e le 'ngoe ea joala ke 20kwh. Ha ho bapisoa le ntlafatso ea tora ea pele e mehlano ea phapang ea khatello ea 40-45kwh, ho boloka matla ke 50%, e leng ho qobang ho boloka pompo ea potoloho e qobelloang ea reboiler le ho lelefatsa bophelo ba tšebeletso ea reboiler.
2. Phekolo ea veine e sa hloekang: Joala bo sa hloekang ho tloha tora ea distillation e tala, tora ea dilution, methanol tower, joalo-joalo, le veine e bobebe e tsoang ho sepharola sa oli ea fusel e kena mohahong o sa hloekang, 'me joala ba indasteri bo ntšoa ka mor'a hore condenser ea tora ea litšila e felile. Oli ea fusele e ntšoa, 'me joala bo tala bo nkiloeng moleng o ka holimo bo fetisetsoa toreng ea ho hlapolla metsi ho eketsa chai ea tahi ea boemo bo holimo.
3. Mabapi le ho ntlafatsa boleng ba tai, ho phaella mehatong ea theknoloji, sebopeho sa thepa le sona se ntlafalitsoe. Mohaho ona o na le sesebelisoa sa tlhoekiso ea veine e tala, 'me tora ea distillation e na le sesebelisoa sa ho tlosa sebabole sa koporo ho netefatsa bohloeki le tatso ea joala.
Ea botšelela, tšebeliso e ntle ea matla a tai le tafole ea papiso ea boleng.
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